Separate Sand and Salt by Filtration
NAME OF EXPERIMENT : TO SEPARATE THE SAND AND COMMON SALT FROM MIXTURE OF THEM BY FILTRATION .
APPARATUS REQUIRED : Porcelain basin , funnel , filter paper , wire gauze , burner , test tubes etc.
CHEMICALS REQUIRED : Sand , Common Salt (NaCl) , Silver Nitrate (AgNO3) etc.
THEORY : The soluble and insoluble components of the mixture are separated by dissolving the soluble component in water followed by filtration . Sand and Common Salt are separated by dissolving salt in water and followed by filtration .
Filtration is the process of separating the water insoluble component of the solution by means of porous medium like filter paper or glass wool . The insoluble component remains in the filter paper as residue . The soluble component obtained is called filtrate . Filtrate contains Sodium Chloride solution and pure salt is obtained by washing of sand by water and pure salt is obtained by evaporation of filtrate .
Salt + Sand + water —-> Sand + Salt solution —> Filtration —> Salt Solution + Evaporation —> Salt
OBSERVATION :
PURITY TEST FOR SAND :
Experiement | Observation | Inference |
---|---|---|
1. Few cc of washing sand is taken into the test tubes and 1-2 drops of AgNO3 was added. | 1. Curdy white precipitate was obtained. | 1. Presence of common salt in sand ( Presence of CL- ) |
2. Few cc of washing sand is taken into the test tubes and 1-2 drops of AgNO3 was added. | 2. Curdy white precipitate was obtained. | 2. Presence of common salt in sand ( Presence of CL- ) |
1. Few cc of washing sand is taken into the test tubes and 1-2 drops of AgNO3 was added. | 1. Curdy white precipitate was not obtained. | 1. Presence of common salt in sand ( Absence of CL- ) |
TEST REACTION :
AgNO3 (aq.)+ NaCl (aq.) —> AgCl (s) + NaNO3 (aq.) (white ppt.)
RESULT : Hence , the mixture of sand and common salt was separated in pure and dry state .
CONCLUSION : Mixture of water soluble and insoluble substance can be filtered by filtration followed by evaporation .
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