HSEB || Model question of Compulsory English Class 12

Class: 12 || Subject: Com. English

Compulsory English, Unseen Passage

Compulsory English

  1. Read the following passage and answer the question below: [5×3=15] 

In ordinary speech, the word demand is used rather loosely, and it is often  confused with desire.

Desire is a wish to have something or to enjoy a service. But demand more than mere desire. It means that the person is willing and able to pay for the object he desires. A beggar’s desire to travel from Kathmandu to Janakpur  has no significance as he can’t pay for it. On the other hand, a businessman’s desire to go to Janakpur by air is a demand as he is able to pay for it and willing to do so. Demand, thus, means desire backed by willingness and ability to pay.

Both willingness and ability to pay are essential. If he is willing to pay for, if he is unable to pay, his desire will not become a demand. In the same way, if his able to pay, but if his unable to pay, his desire will not be changed into effective demand. In order to change desire into demand, it is essential that he should be both willing and able to pay.

Besides. demand also signifies a price and period of time in which demand is to be fulfilled. It is obvious that a person’s demand for anything varies with the price at which it is offered. He busy more of it a lower price. Similarly, his demand varies with the period of time.

Questions:

a. What is demand? How it is different from desire?

b. Why can’t the desire of a beggar become a demand ?

c. What is the relation of demand with the price?

d. When does a consumer buy things much and when does he buy less?

e. Write  two words which are dominant in the passage.